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Complete Radiology cards حزمة رائعة للأشعة

  3.Brain stem🏞️ containe  containe ascending and descending tracts .breathing center and cardiac center and cranial nerve  nuclus     🚵The spinal cord function Motor Sensory Sphincter function 👀 We Start on motor examination By        🔥  1. inspection . 🔥 We doing full exposure  for compartment on lefte and right   upper and lower and proxaml and distal group of muscle            🔥 2..muscle tone🔥 We doing movment for all joint of body without doing any  effort or movement from  the pateint 👀on upper limb👀 1.shoulder.✍️flexion .extension Addu and abduction internal and external rotation 2. Elbow.✍️flexion .extension 3.wrist.✍️rolling or move hand up .down 4.Hand ✍️ finger.flexion .extansion .abd And adduction On lower limb 1foot finger ..flexsion .extension 2 .....ankle. joint..✍️.rolling 3....knee ✍️joint.flexion .extension adduction .abduction 4....hip joint ..✍️ flexion .extension aduction .abduction .internal and external rotation Note🌈...on upper  limb and lower limb  we doing passive  elevation of the pateint arm than patient leg than let it if site on up...hypertonia. If it return to down fastlly ...hypotoina             🔥 3.. muscle power . 🔥 Firstly  you tell pateint to doing  the the same movent of examintion muscle tone👆👆  من غير ماتسوي resistant له بعدما يخلص أعمل انت جميع الحركات نفس الي فوق وقل المريض يقاومك  According to this test we detect grades of muscle power which إذا كانت قوه المريض نفس قوه الدكتور نسميها.Grade 5 إذا كانت قوه المريض أقوى من قوه الدكتور هذه   grade 4 إذا كانت قوه الدكتور أقوى من قوه المريضgrade 3  Movement against graivty . (^^)Movement  with obratration of gravity ..grade 2 (^^)Muscle fiber contraction that no sufficiant to move joint.grade (^^)Faccidity  is no contraction and movment of muscle. Grade.0               🔥4.^_^.reflex🔥 we have superficial and deep  reflex A..the type of superficial reflex .are 1.🎉planter reflex (babinski sign) Alternative test of babinski sign Is scratch on shin from the knee to ankle 2.🎉.abdominal reflex . We doing scratch on all abdominal muscle ..  lead to muscle contarcation.if no responce indicated L.M.N.L 🚵NOTE.🔥. Abdominal reflex normal is negative on the fallowing causes . 🌈obesity ..pregnancy .rigidity . Ascitis 3.🎉.cremastric reflex .. scratch on inner aspect on thigh lead to contraction of diltore muscle lead to elevation of testis This very important to detected spinal cord injury if it complate or partial injury 4.🎉.anal reflex . Scratching on anas lead to contraction anal sphencture B..👀deep reflex which are.. 1✍️.upper limb reflex which are bicipes.reflex .tricipes reflex.brachioreduales reflex 2.✍️. lower limb..reflexes are (patella reflex .ankle reflex ) (C).👀pathological reflex which normelly not present if it  present inducated to UMNL which are 1.Hoovman reflex (UL) 2.Adductor longus reflex (LL) 3.babnaski refex (LL) 4. supraspinetus reflex(UL) 5. pecotrales reflex (UL) Sensory function of spinal cord which superficial and deep sensation types the superficial sensation are   pain.  temprature .toutch 1.⭐pain test calld (pin prick test ) You examine the pt. by the pin and prick on the key points of all  dermatome  2.⭐.Temprature..by used  test tube content hot wetar and dropped on  dermatome 3.⭐ touch . by used cotton and tauched on dermatomes              Deep sensation which are muscle .jointe.bone .blood vessel.and nerve all them examinated as 🔥following ((1)). muscle sensation by crashing test  normly the patein senes  pain (2.) Bone sensation by used tuning fork place it over bony prominence normllyThe pateint  sens it (3).joint sensatoin by movement of joint which normlly the patient ability to detecte object or arm or leg position (4.)nerve .by electric sense or by compression (5.)vessel sense by measure the pluse #neuro_short_note

       🔴 Examination of CNS🔴 We start general appearance of pateint which 5 complaint as 》》 Whight Color Position Decubitus Associated  of medical     interference ..                        Examples:- As  normal person with norml color with average weight and lying supine or lateral  decubitus  on bid and  he looks under stress and  comfortable  and he hand appearance of canula  or nasogastric tube . 2.Vital sign as which all them under control of high center as _Blood pressure _Respiratory rate _Pulse rate _Temperature 3.general neurological function which divide .. A.General Neurale Fanction  with specific center as function of cerebellum and cerebral and brain stem B.GNF without specific center  which 6 components as 1.Memory 2.Behaviour 3.conscious which nesseccery the  patient  to be  aweak and awear يعني يكون واعي لماتقوله ومفتح عيونه 4..Mood 5..Emotional when the pateint not euphoric or  depressed 6..Intelligent..we see he is average intelligence according to his age   and according to his educatian or according to area.that coming from it 7_ cooperative with normal mood and memory After doing the step of above we become more specific according to cause if it cranial . Mean we doing exam for brain function and if th cause is spinal cord we doing exam for spinal cord and peripheral nerves (On brain)🧠we have (Cerebral.cerebellum.and brain stem) 🧠🧠Cerebrel🧠🧠 🎉When we detecte brain function of higher center we doing four test as.. 1.✍️tactile localization The patient describes anatomical position with his eyes closed 2.✍️two point discrimination test which detect two anatomical area pre sizelly 3..✍️graphosthesia which the patient closed his eyes and we drawing on her hand as دائره مربع مثلث and the patien describe the drawing . 4.✍️stereognosis.. ability to detect or description  objectes as قلم مسطره 🔥Cerebellum responsible for equilibrium between agoinst and antagonist of muscles 🧠cerebellum function test on A..upper limbe are💪   ✍️Thumb to thumb    ✍️Finger to finger    ✍️Finer to nose 🗣️On lower limb . .   ✍️movement ankle on  shin of tibia 🗣️On eyes .✍️.movent of eyes right to left #neuro_short_note

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