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📖 Dars #21 Past Perfect Simple tense ▪️Past Perfect simple tense (uzoq o'tgan zamon) - o'tgan zamondagi biror voqea yoki paytdan oldin bo'lib o'tgan ish-harakatlarni bildirish uchun qo'llaniladi, shuning uchun ham mazkur zamonni uzoq o'tgan zamon deb atashsa kerak. ▪️Masalan, siz kecha ziyofatga bordingiz, lekin u yerda yaqin do'stingiz Sobirni ko'rmadingiz, chunki u siz kelguncha uyiga ketib bo'lgan ekan. ▪️Ingliz tilida ayni shunday holatlar uchun, ya'ni "Sobir uyiga ketib bo'lgan ekan" degan ma'noni berish uchun Past Perfect simple tense qo'llaniladi. Mazkur gap ingliz tilida qanday bo'lishini ko'ramiz. 🔸When I arrived (o'tgan zamondagi ish-harakat) at the party, I didn't meet Sobir there because he had already gone home. ▪️Bu zamonda egadan keyin had yordamchi fe'li + tog'ri fe'llarga -ed yoki noto'g'ri fe'llarning past participle (verb III) shaklidagi asosiy fe'l qo'llaniladi. ▪️Positive form: 🔸I had eaten/ worked. 🔸He/she/it had eaten/ worked. 🔸We/you/they had eaten/worked. ▪️ Negative form: 🔸I had not eaten/ worked. 🔸He/she/it had not eaten/ worked 🔸We/you/they had not eaten/worked. ▪️ Question form: 🔸Had I eaten/ worked? 🔸Had he/she/it eaten/ worked? 🔸Had we/you/they eaten/worked? ▪️Misollar: 🔸 When Tom came, the workers had already finished the work. (Tom kelganida, ishchilar allaqachon ishni tugatishgan edi) 🔸Sobir had done the homework by 6 o'clock yesterday. (Sobir kecha soat 6 gacha uy vazifasini bajarib bo'lgan edi) ▶️ Past perfect simple tense – uzoq o'tgan zamon qo'llaniladigan holatlar keyingi darsda atroflicha yoritib beriladi. ❤️If you want to do some good to your friends 👉 just share this post 🔗 Kanalga qo'shiling 👇https://t.me/English_grammar_and_materials

📖 Dars #20 Past simple va Past continuous tense qo'llanish holatlari 1️⃣ Oʻtgan zamon davom fe'li (past continuous tense) qo'shma gaplarda oʻtgan zamondagi biror ish-harakat bilan qoʻllaniladi. 🔸Tom hurt his arm while he was playing his last game. (Tom oxirgi oʻyinini oʻynayotganda qo'lidan jarohat oldi) 💡Yuqoridagi vaziyatda oʻtgan zamonda bir ish-harakat davom etib turgan (while he was playing…) paytda boshqa bir ish-harakat boʻlib oʻtganligi (Tom hurt his arm) koʻrsatilgan. Bunday vaziyatlarda tugallangan ish-harakat uchun oddiy oʻtgan zamon (past simple tense), davomiy ish-harakat uchun oʻtgan zamon davom fe'li (past continuous tense) qoʻllanadi. 2️⃣ Oʻtgan zamonda ish-harakatlar ketma-ket sodir boʻlganini ifodalashda faqat oddiy oʻtgan zamon (past simple tense) qoʻllaniladi. 🔸He opened the door, entered the room, found the paper and read it. (U eshikni ochdi, xonaga kirdi, hujjatni topdi va uni oʻqidi.) 🔸When we heard the fire alarm, we rushed to the door. (Biz yong'in signalini eshitishimiz bilan eshikka yugurdik) 3️⃣ Oʻtgan zamonda ikkala ish-harakat bir vaqtning oʻzida davom etib turgan boʻlsa, ikkala ish-harakat uchun ham oʻtgan davomiy zamon (past continuous tense) qoʻllaniladi. 🔸Nina was playing the guitar while Jack was reading a book. (Jek kitob oʻqiyotganida Nina gitara chalayotgan edi) 💡Yuqoridagi misollarda vaziyatni tasavvur qilib, fe'llarni toʻg'ri zamonda qoʻyish mumkin. Misol uchun bir vaziyatni tahlil qilamiz. ▪️ He … (fall) off the ladder while he … (paint) the ceiling. (fall - yiqilmoq, paint - boʻyamoq). Ko'z oldimizga keltirsak, odatda biror ish qilayotganimizda yiqilib tushishimiz mumkin, demak, fall fe'li - oddiy oʻtgan zamonda, paint fe'li - oʻtgan zamon davom fe'lida qoʻllaniliishi lozim. 🔸He fell off the ladder while he was painting the ceiling. (U shiftni bo'yayotganda narvondan yiqilib tushdi) ❤️If you want to do some good to your friends 👉 just share this post 🔗 Kanalga qo'shiling 👇https://t.me/English_grammar_and_materials

📖Dars #19 Past Continuous tense va uning qo'llanishi ✳️ Past Continuous Tense – oʻtgan zamon davom fe'li oʻtgan zamonda aniq vaqtda davom etib turgan ish-harakatni bildiradi. Oʻtgan zamondagi aniq vaqt gapda beriladi. ✳️ Mazkur zamon qolipi egadan keyin was/were yordamchi fe'llari va -ing qoʻshilgan asosiy fe'l (participle I) bilan qoʻllaniladi. ▪️Positive form: 🔸I was working. 🔸He/she/it was working. 🔸We/you/they were working. ▪️Negative form: 🔸I was not working. 🔸He/she/it was not working. 🔸We/you/they were not working. ▪️Question form: 🔸Was I working? 🔸Was he/she/it working? 🔸Were we/you/they working? ✳️ Misollar: 🔸 I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. (Kecha mana shu paytda men uy vazifamni qilayotgan edim) 🔸Sardor broke his leg while he was playing football. (Sardor futbol o'ynayotganda oyo'gini sindirib qo'ydi) ✳️ Past continuous tense qo'llanish holatlari 1️⃣ Oʻtgan zamon davom fe'li oʻtgan zamonda aniq paytni koʻrsatadigan payt ravishlari bilan qoʻllaniladi. 🔸I was watching a football match at 5 oʻclock yesterday. (Kecha soat 5da men futbol oʻyinini koʻrayotgandim) 🔸What were you doing at this time last week? 🔸He was working in a bank this time last year. 2️⃣ Oʻtgan zamon davom fe'li ba'zan esa payt ravishlarisiz, oʻtgan zamondagi biror tugallangan ish-harakat bilan qoʻllaniladi. 🔸I was watching TV when the postman came. (Xat tashuvchi kelganida, men televizor koʻrayotgan edim) 🔸We broke the window while we were playing football. 🔸She was carrying a heavy bag, so I hurried to help her. ⚠️ Holat fe'llari, masalan to want/like/know va boshqa fe'llar oʻtgan zamon davom fe'lida emas, oddiy oʻtgan zamonda qoʻllaniladi. 🔸I didn't know what to do when he asked me for some money. (wasn't knowing emas…) 3️⃣ Oʻtgan davomiy zamon payt ravishlari quyidagilardan iborat: ▫️at this time yesterday/last year/last month ▫️the whole evening/morning/day ▫️at that time ❤️If you want to do some good to your friends 👉 just share this post 🔗 Kanalga qo'shiling 👇https://t.me/English_grammar_and_materials

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📖 Dars#18 Used to+infinitiv qurilmasi ✳️ Mazkur qurilma o'tgan zamonda odat yoki takroriy ravishda sodir bo'lgan ish-harakatlar uchun qo'llaniladi. 🔸I used to sleep a lot but I sleep less now. (Men avvallari ko'p uxlardim, lekin hozir kamroq uxlayman.) 🔸He used to smoke 40 cigarettes a day but he does not smoke now. (U avvallari kuniga 40 ta sigaret chekardi, lekin hozir chekmaydi.) ✳️ used to+infinitiv qurilmasi o'tgan zamondagi mavjud bo'lgan holatlar uchun ham qo'llaniladi. 🔸They used to be rich and they used to have five houses. (Ular boy edilar va beshta uylari bor edi) ✳️ Qo'llanish shakli: ▪️Positive form 🔸Ega+ used to+work ▪️Negative form 🔸Ega+didn't use to work. ▪️Question form 🔸Did+Ega+use to work ? ▪️Misollar: 🔸The baby used to cry a lot. (Chaqaloq ko'p yig'lardi) 🔸I didn't use to like George but now we are close friends. (Men Jorjni yoqtirmasdim, lekin hozir biz yaqin do'stlarmiz) 🔸Did you use to live in a foreign country? 💡Yuqoridagi misollardan ko'rinayapdiki, used to+infinitiv qurilmasi bilan ifodalangan odat yoki holatlar hozir sodir bo'lmaydi. 'used to+infinitiv faqat o'tgan zamon haqida ma'lumot beruvchi qurilma hisoblanadi ⚠️ Mazkur qurilma faqat o'tgan zamondagi odat yoki takroriy ravishda sodir bo'lgan ish-harakatlar uchun qo'llaniladi, bir marta bo'lib o'tgan ish-harakatlar uchun esa oddiy o'tgan zamon qo'llangani ma'qul. 🔸I used to go to the cinema a lot when I lived in London. (kinoga ko'p borardim…takroriy sodir bo'lgan ish-harakat) 🔸I went to the cinema yesterday. (kecha kinoga bordim…..bir marta sodir bo'lgan ish-harakat) ✳️ O'tgan zamonda takroriy ravishda sodir bo'lgan ish-harakatlar yoki odatlarni ifodalashda would+infinitiv qurilmasi ham qo'llaniladi. 🔸Whenever Tom got angry, he would just go out of the room. (Har safar Tomning jahli chiqqanda, u xonadan chiqib ketardi.) 🔸We used to live by the railway line. Every time the train passed, the whole house would shake. (Biz poyezd yo'li yonida yashardik. Poyezd har gal o'tganida, butun uy titrardi) ⚠️'used to+infinitiv' va 'would+infinitiv' qurilmasi bilan bir xil ma'no anglatsada, ularning qo'llanishi orasida ozgina farq bor. would+infinitiv qurilmasi qo'llanishi uchun biror vaziyatni yoki vaqtni bildiruvchi qo'shimcha gap kerak bo'ladi. 🔸We used to live by the railway line. Every time the train passed (vaziyatni bildiruvchi qo'shimcha gap), the whole house would shake. 🔸Whenever Tom got angry (paytni bildiruvchi qo'shimcha gap), he would just go out of the room. ✳️ 'used to+infinitiv' qurilmali gap yolg'iz o'zi ham qo'llanaveradi. 🔸He used to smoke 40 cigarettes a day. ❤️If you want to do some good to your friends 👉 just share this post 🔗 Kanalga qo'shiling 👇https://t.me/English_grammar_and_materials

📖 Reading Part 1 - Multi Level - Javoblar 1 holiday 2 children 3 Christmas 4 behave 5 List 6 chimneys Kanalimizga qo'shiling👇 https://t.me/English_grammar_and_materials

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